Wednesday, September 11, 2013

week 3


Prison Explosion ch. 6 pg. 135
             Increases in correctional populations followed changes in correctional and sentencing philosophy.  During the age of indeterminate sentencing, 1930 to 1975 when rehabilitation was the primary focus of corrections, the average rate of incarceration was 106 inmates per 100,000 in the populations (Mackenzie 2001).  Incarceration rates stated to climb, by 1985 the rates for offenders in Federal or State prison facilities was 202 per 100,000 adults in the population (Mackenzie 2001).   In 1995, the rate was 411 and grew to 447 in 1997 (Mackenzie 2001).  The increases in inmate populations continued in 1999 with 1.3 million offenders held under State and Federal jurisdictions and 1.8 million confined in prison or jail throughout the nation (Mackenzie 2001). 
            In 2006, inmate populations outpaced the growth rate of the previous five years but were less than annual growth rate in 1990 (Sabol & Harrison 2007).  The Federal inmate populations continue to grow but at a slower rate than in previous years.  Inmates under Federal jurisdictions increased by 5,428 inmates, a 2.9% growth, this rate was slower than 5.8% annual growth rate that occurred during 2000 through 2005 (Sabol & Harrison 2007).  The state inmate counts increased by 37,504 inmates, a growth rate of 2.8% compared to 1.5% annual growth rate between 2000-2005 (Sabol & Harrison 2007).  State inmate count grew at a faster rate the previous 5 years (Sabol & Harrison 2007).  The beginning of 2008, 1596,127 adults were incarcerated in state or federal prisons an additional 723,131 in local jails.  (Banks 2012). 

References
Banks, C. (2012). Criminal justice ethics: Theory and practice. Sage.
 
Mackenzie, D. L. (2001). Sentencing and Corrections in the 21st Century: Setting the                 Stage for the Future. University of Maryland, Department of Criminology and                 Criminal Justice, Evaluation Research Group.
Sabol, W. J., Couture, H., & Harrison, P. M. (2007). Prisoners in 2006 (pp. NCJ-219416).                      Washington, DC: US Department of Justice, Bureau of Justice Statistics.

 

4 comments:

  1. Richard,
    It is going to be interesting to see how we as a country change paradigms as the battle for legalization of marijuana continues and the fact that the prison overcrowding is just too expensive to sustain. I think we will begin to see changes in the laws regarding madatory sentencing, which according to our text is already in the works.

    Marty

    ReplyDelete
  2. One possible reason for the increasing numbers could be due to the high numbers of cases going to trial resulting in convictions. It could also be the result of the mandatory sentencing laws. I might also believe that the improvements in criminalists and technology have attributed the increase in the number of convictions. The Attorney General Eric Holder has addressed this problem by recommending that mandatory sentences for low level drug violation possibly implementing more fines. Law makers should look at the laws and the sentencing that is levied against the individual and determine if incarceration is really the fit. Why not fine them and create better uses for the money that is gained from fines?

    ReplyDelete
  3. Richard: You have documented the references in your blog very well. I would like to know more about your thoughts on the topic. Professor Taylor

    ReplyDelete
  4. PREA is important. Prisoners that are raped in prison is just plain wrong. I see the ethical issue in this matter lies with the procedures in the prison and the attitude of the guards. Looking the other way when the incident occurs is unethical. Guards that place prisoners in situations that they know will result in rape or encourage the act to occur should be fired and convicted of the crime. Prisons should make every effort to prevent this from occurring. It all goes back to the idea that prisoners are placed in prison as punishment. The deprivation of their freedom of movement and confined in a cell should be the extent of the punishment levied towards a prisoner. Their punishment doesn’t extend to becoming a victim of a crime punished by inmates, or be the pawns of guards. I enjoyed reading your blog Richard.

    ReplyDelete